Potent inhibition of human telomerase by U-73122

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Abstract
Telomerase activity is repressed in normal human somatic cells, but is activated in most cancers, suggesting that telomerase may be an important target for cancer therapy. In this study, we report that U-73122, an amphiphilic alkylating agent that is commonly used as an inhibitor for phospholipase C, is also a potent and selective inhibitor of human telomerase. The inhibition of telomerase by U-73122 was attributed primarily to the pyrrole-2,5-dione group, since its structural analog U-73343 did not inhibit telomerase. In confirmation, we observed that telomerase was inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide, but not N-ethylsuccinimide. The IC50 value of U-73122 for the in vitro inhibition of telomerase activity is 0.2 μM, which is comparable to or slightly more sensitive than that for phospholipase C. The inhibitory action of U-73122 on telomerase appears to be rather selective since the presence of externally added proteins did not protect the inhibition and the IC50 values for the other enzymes tested in this study were at least an order of magnitude higher than that for telomerase. Furthermore, we demonstrate that U-73122 can inhibit telomerase in hematopoietic cancer cells. The potent and selective inhibition of telomerase by U-73122 raises the potential exploitation of this drug and other alkylating agents as telomerase inhibitor.