Hurricane Fifi and the 1974 Autumn Migration in El Salvador

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Abstract
In the autumn of 1974 the migration pattern in El Salvador had several unusual features, too many to have been merely coincidental: delayed arrival of certain early migrants whose appearance overlapped with that of later migrants; unprecedented numbers of a few species; the appearance of several rarely seen or previously unreported species; and extension of winter ranges of a few species which was maintained for several years after. These events were closely associated with hurricane Fifi (Sept. 17-20) and to a lesser extent with hurricane Carmen (Sept. 1-6). The unusual features of the 1974 migration may have resulted from hurricane Fifi (possibly augmented by Carmen) after comparison of routes and schedules of early migrants with the route, dates, wind directions and velocities of Fifi. Other hurricans have affected and will affect migration through Middle America but serious disruptions are probably rare and unpredictable.

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