Uniqueness of the Trautman-Bondi mass

Abstract
It is shown that the only functionals, within a natural class, which are monotonic in time for all solutions of the vacuum Einstein equations admitting a smooth “piece” of conformal null infinity I, are those depending on the metric only through a specific combination of the Bondi “mass aspect” and other next-to-leading order terms in the metric. Under the extra condition of passive BMS invariance, the unique such functional (up to a multiplicative factor) is the Trautman-Bondi energy. It is also shown that this energy remains well defined for a wide class of “polyhomogeneous” metrics.
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