Subjective sleep quality and sleep problems in the general Japanese adult population

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Abstract
To dimensionally describe subjective sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and estimate the prevalence rate of sleep problems (PSQI global score > 5) in the general Japanese adult population, 1871 subjects randomly selected from the 1995 Census were examined. The PSQI component scores (mean ± SD) widely ranged (e.g. 0.04 ± 0.31 in hypnotic medication use for males aged 20–29 years, 0.03 ± 0.18 in hypnotic medication use for females aged 20–29 years, 1.10 ± 0.94 in sleep latency for males aged 80 or older, 1.52 ± 1.03 in sleep latency for females aged 80 or older). Statistical significance was found in each component score among age groups by gender. The PSQI global scores (mean ± SD) by age groups ranged from 4.00 ± 2.59 to 5.02 ± 3.89 for males (P < 0.39) and 4.30 ± 2.34 to 6.75 ± 4.10 for females (P < 0.001). The respective prevalence rates of sleep problems were 26.4% (95% CI = 23.6, 29.3) for males and 31.1% (95% CI = 28.1, 33.9) for females.