Time-lapse cinematography study of the germinal vesicle behaviour in mouse primary oocytes treated with activators of protein kinases A and C

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Abstract
A passive erratic movement of the germinal vesicle (GV), already visible in small incompetent oocytes, is followed by an active scalloping of the nuclear membrane soon before GV breakdown (GVBD) in cultured competent oocytes. Maturation can be inhibited by activators of protein kinase A (PK‐A) and protein kinase C (PK‐C). Our time‐lapse cinematography analysis allowed us to describe an unexpected behaviour of the GV when PK‐C, but not PK‐A, is activated: GV undergoes a displacement toward the cortex according to the same biological clock which triggers the programmed translocation of the spindle in control oocytes. It is concluded that, when oocytes become committed to undergo maturation, the cytoplasm acquires a PK‐A‐controlled “centrifugal displacement property” which is not restricted to the spindle.