Effect of titanium on cast structure of high speed steel

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Abstract
High speed steel is a very difficult materialfor shape casting owing to the formation of eutectic carbide networks during its solidification. These networks cause the steel to be brittle which is detrimental to the mechanical properties of tools manufactured from the material. In the present research, the effect of replacement of vanadium and tungsten by titanium as a modifier of the cast structure of AISI type M7 high speed steel has been investigated. The influence of titanium on eutectic cell size, eutectic volume per cent, and eutectic carbide shape and type has been determined. The modification effect of titanium on the microstructure was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The carbide type was found with the aid of energy dispersive X-ray and wavelength dispersive X-ray analysers. Hardness values for modified steels following various heat treatments were studied to enable the optimum titanium content to be determined.