Thermal Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Lyophilised Blood Products Evaluated by ID50Titrations

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Abstract
Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in lyophilised small pool cryoprecipitate, factor VIII concentrate, prothrombin complex and C1-esterase inhibitor concentrate by prolonged heat treatment (72 h, 60.degree. C) was studied. Plasma products, inoculated prior to lyophilisation, had infectious titres ranging from 107 to 1010.5. Residual infectivity (TCID50) was assessed by multiple titrations on H9 cells in a macro system and subsequent detection of virus replication by determining reverse transcriptase activity. Kinetics of inactivation showed a biphasic pattern: during the first 8 h a variable TCID50 reduction up to 104.3 was observed, followed by an additional loss of 101-102.7 during the next 64 h. Heat treatment for 72 h resulted in a mean TCID50 reduction of 105. It is concluded that prolonged heat treatment may lead to the adequate prevention of HIV transmission by lyophilised plasma products.