Analysis of laminar vortex shedding behind a circular cylinder by computer-aided flow visualization

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Abstract
Streamline, streakline, and material-line flow-visualization techniques have been numerically simulated in the vortex-shedding flow field from a finite-element simulation of the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations at a Reynolds number of 110. The results have been used (i) to characterize the wake in terms of its critical-point trajectories, and (ii) to verify that the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes model predicts the mechanism of vortex shedding experimentally observed by Gerrard (1978). A technique for determining vorticity balances in the flow field is also presented.