Microscopic theory for dilute quadrupole glasses

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Abstract
The microscopic free energy is derived for dilute, interacting, tunneling elastic quadrupoles (TQ’s) randomly distributed in a nonpolar medium. For low TQ concentrations I obtain low-energy excitations very similar to those observed in glasses. The microscopic derivations give glasslike properties in the density of states, in the specific heat, in the thermal conductivity, in the sound absorption and propagation, and in the complex dielectric constant.