Tensor low-energy electron diffraction

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Abstract
The tensor low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) approximation is a perturbative approach to the calculation of LEED I-V spectra. This article reviews the theory, applications and impact of the tensor LEED approximation upon surface crystallography by LEED. The theory of the tensor LEED approximation is outlined and the physical reasons for the success of the technique are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the relative importance of multiple scattering correlations in limiting the radius of convergence of the approximation. The applications and extensions of tensor LEED theory are reviewed. The utility of tensor LEED theory as the basis of novel methods in surface structure determination is outlined with particular emphasis upon the extension of tensor LEED theory to chemical and thermal displacements. The article concludes with a brief evaluation of future prospects and applications of the theory of tensor LEED.