Studies on the Algal Cytochrome of C-Type

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Abstract
The distribution of cytochromes in algae was first described as early as 1935 by Yakushiji (1), who also succeeded in extracting a cytochrome c from various sea weeds. Since then there have been scattered reports on algal cytochromes (2-5) which, however, have not been as systematically studied for their physical and chemical properties as were various cytochromes from other sources. Quite recently, a new form of c-type cytochrome was isolated by Nishimura (6) in this laboratory from a green flagellate, Euglena gracilis var. bacillaris. The remarkably high level of oxidation-reduction potential characterizing the new cytochrome was reminiscent of another representative of the group, i.e., cytochrome f, which has been discovered in the chloroplasts of higher green plants. In the present series of studies aiming at the elucidation of cytochrome constitution of algal cells, a type of cytochrome with characteristics almost identical with that of the Euglena cytochrome has been found in various species of algae covering the families of Rhodophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Ghlorophyceae and Cyanophyceae. In the following, the methods of isolation and purification, as well as the properties of this algal cytochrome will be briefly described.

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