Abstract
Loss imbalance in an (N–1)-channel arrayed-waveguide grating add-drop multiplexer is equalised by optimising the offset of the loop-back optical-path connections. The largest loss-difference among 15 wavelength channels is successfully reduced from 5.0 dB to 1.5 dB when the loop-back paths connect the output ports to the N/2-shifted input ports of a silica-based N × N multiplexer (N = 16).

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