Effect of tumor necrosis factor-? and interferon-? on the growth of human prostate cancer cell lines

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Abstract
Human recombinant tumor necrosis factor-α (rTNF-α, 10-12–10-8 M) inhibited the proliferation of androgen-dependent LNCaP cells by 32–56%. In contrast, proliferation of androgen-independent PC-3 and JCA-1 cells was only slightly inhibited, or not inhibited at all, respectively. Human recombinant interferon-γ (rIFN-γ, 500 U/ml) decreased proliferation of PC-3 and JCA-1 cells by 35% and 53%, respectively, but had no effect on LNCaP cells. Interestingly, the combination of rIFN-γ and TNF-α had greater antiproliferative effects on JCA-1 cells than treatment with either cytokine alone. However, the antiproliferative effects of this combination were similar to those observed for PC-3 or LNCaP cells treated with rIFN-γ or TNF-α alone, respectively. These data suggest that some forms of androgen-independent prostate cancer may benefit from a combination therapy of IFN-γ and TNF-α, while the use of IFN-γ alone may be more efficacious in others.