A Sensitive Immunochemical Assay for Measuring the Concentration of the Activated Protein C-protein C Inhibitor Complex in Plasma:

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Abstract
Activated protein C (APC) is a serine proteinase that regulates blood coagulation. In plasma it is inhibited mainly by the protein C inhibitor (PCI). The plasma concentrations of APC-PCI complex is increased in hypercoagulative states such as deep venous thrombosis. Formation of the APC-PCI complex induces a drastic conformational change in PCI that exposes new epitopes (neoepitopes) on the molecule. We have devised a simple immunofluorometric sandwich assay for measurements of the concentrations of APC-PCI complex, employing as the catcher, a monoclonal antibody that has a high affinity (KD ≈ 4 × 10-11M) for a complexation-specific neoepitope that is expressed on PCI. A monoclonal antibody against protein C is employed as the tracer. The method gives a linear dose-response curve (0.06-50 πg/l), has a low detection limit (0.06 πg/l) and no crossreactivity with native PCI at physiologic plasma concentrations. We have now determined the concentration of the APC-PCI complex in healthy individuals. * Both authors contributed equally to this work.