Cardinal Points and the Novel Imaging Properties of a Holographic System*

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Abstract
The cardinal points (principal foci, principal planes, and nodal points) as well as the focal lengths of a holographic system are established by considering holographic imaging as a projective transformation between object and image space. Expressions for the coordinates of the cardinal points are given in terms of holographic variables, and they are compared with the corresponding expressions for a thin lens. The wavelength ratio between reconstructing and recording light in holography is found to correspond to the refractive index ratio between object and image space in conventional imaging, while the enlargement factor of the hologram has no analogue. The peculiar properties of the conjugate image, real or virtual, are discussed and related to the locations of the cardinal points for the conjugate imaging system.

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