Immune Complexes in Urine and Serum of Patients with Bladder Cancer

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Abstract
The urine and/or serum of 43 patients with bladder cancer was tested for the presence of immune complexes. Immune complexes were present more frequently in the urine (38%) than in the serum (23%). Urinary immune complexes were elevated in 10% of the patients with no tumor (group 1), 25% with superficial neoplasms (group 2) and 89% with infiltrating or metastatic disease (group 3), which compared favorably to elevated serum immune complexes in 20, 25 and 33% of the patients, respectively. The incidence of urinary immune complexes was statistically significant when compared in patients with and without active tumors (P < 0.03), and when group 3 patients were compared to those in group 1 or 2 (P < 0.01 and P < 0.03, respectively). Unlike serum immune complexes urinary immune complexes appeared to correlate with the presence and stage of bladder cancer.