Development of Resistance to Infection byBotrytis cinereaandPenicillium expansumin Wounds of Mature Apple Fruits

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Abstract
Wounds in harvested, mature, preclimacteric Golden Delicious and Granny Smith apples exhibited healing by formation of wall thickenings. Microscopic examination revealed a barrier of cells with wall thickenings extending four to six cell layers or more from the wound. Histochemical tests of cell walls near healed wounds were positive for phenolic substances, tannins, lignins, and callose after 38 days at 5 C and 14 days at 20 C. Healed wounds were significantly more resistant to conidia of Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum than freshly inflicted wounds. Wounds became resistant within 4 days at 5 C.

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