A metal-film high-frequency ultrasonic transducer

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Abstract
It is shown that moderately pure metal films deposited on an insulating substrate can act as an efficient transducer for ultrasound in the 100–1000-MHz range. Electromechanical conversion takes place in the skin depth of the film by direct action of the electric field on the ions. Displacements comparable to those achievable using bonded-quartz resonant-plate transducers can be obtained between 100 and 1000 MHz. The main advantages of this method of generating ultrasound are its large inherent bandwidth and the absence of troublesome mechanical bonds at high frequencies.