Polarized ion sources (invited)

Abstract
Sources producing beams of nuclear spin polarized atoms or ions of H, D, 6Li, 7Li, 23Na are routinely used in many laboratories. Principles and performances of these sources are described, with emphasis on the light particles (H, D). Recent progress in these sources as well as some physical or technical limits are discussed. An updated table comparing working sources of H+,D+ and H−,D− is given.

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