Artificial Selection in Drosophila simulans Males for Increased and Decreased Sexual Isolation from D. melanogaster Females

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Abstract
Crosses of homozygous yellow D. melanogaster females with wild-type D. simulans males were studied. When the initial stock contained genetic variability, selection was successful in developing 2 lines which differed significantly, and it is clear that male isolation from foreign females has a genetic basis. In the later generations matings were several times more frequent in the decreased isolation line than in the increased isolation line. Mating between these 2 species more readily occurs when young females are used. The factors determining the success of a courtship apparently operate within 24 h when 1 male is confined with 1 female, because there is no increase in matings with longer time intervals in these pair matings. These experiments and others reported earlier indicate a cycle of increased isolation between these 2 spp. in the summer and reduced isolation in the winter. Matings were several times as frequent in the Oct.-March interval as in the April-Sept. interval.

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