Responses to Hydrochlorothiazide and Acetazolamide in Patients with Calcium Stones

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Abstract
Urinary excretion of sodium, calcium, and magnesium has been measured after single oral doses of hydrochlorothiazide (100 mg) and acetazolamide (500 mg) in unselected patients with calcareous renal stone formation and in normal control subjects. With hydrochlorothiazide, 36 stone formers had significantly greater increments in sodium (P<0.01), calcium (P<0.05), and magnesium (P<0.05) excretion than 20 normal subjects. With acetazolamide, 13 stone formers had a smaller increment in sodium excretion (P<0.05) than 10 normal subjects. The abnormal responses to both diuretics were most marked in the patients with hypercalciuria during fasting.