Initial nociceptive sensitization in carrageenin-induced rat paw inflammation is dependent on amine autacoid mechanisms: electrophysiological and behavioural evidence obtained with a quaternary antihistamine, thiazinamium

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Abstract
Summary We have studied the ability of a quaternary antihistamine, thiazinamium, to inhibit the nociceptive sensitization that occurs early, during the first hour, following intraplantar injection of the polysaccharide carrageenin in the rat. Parallel studies were performed with an electrophysiological model (changes in responsiveness of ventro-basal thalamic cells driven by noxious stimulation of the paws), and a behavioural test (changes in threshold stimulus necessary to elicit vocalization by gradually increased pressure to the paws). When thiazinamium was given intravenously 10 min before carrageenin, no sensitization due to inflammation was found in either test. By contrast, when thiazinamium was administered 20 min after carrageenin, there was a clear sensitization in both tests that did not differ from that found in animals not treated with the antagonist. Paw oedema was also slightly decreased by pretreatment with thiazinamium. These results suggests that early inflammatory sensitization of peripheral nociceptors is mainly dependent on an initial release of histamine (and/or serotonin, since thiazinamium could also have some antiserotoninergic activity).