Recent advances in ferroelectric polymers

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Abstract
Ferroelectric polymers are reviewed with special interest in the polarization reversal and phase transition behavior of VDF copolymers. The ferroelectric phase consists of all-trans molecules packed in a parallel manner. Its spontaneous polarization is reversed at very high fields by eventual 180° rotations of individual chain molecules. The transition into a paraelectric phase occurs as a result of conformational disorder associated with rotational molecular motions. Changes in various properties near the Curie point are consistent with an order-disorder transition of first-order. The Van der Waals force is a primary source of interactions resulting in the ferroelectricity of polymers.