Fiber Surface Properties in Relation to Linear Assemblies During Processing 1

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Abstract
Two polyester fiber samples, differing only in surface roughness, which served as models, were processed on the cotton and woolen staple yarn systems. As was found in earlier experiments on the worsted system, static and dynamic cohesion tests on slivers and rovings indicated that geometrically smoother fibers (those having fewer asperities on the surface) lead to greater cohesion in fiber assemblies. Similarly, in slivers composed of blends of the polyester models with cotton and with wool fibers, the cohesion was found to increase steadily with an increasing proportion of smooth fibers. A similar effect of surface roughness on cohesion was found in slivers composed of uncrimped fibers. The degree of twist normally used in staple yarns was found to restrict sufficiently the relative movement of fibers to mask the direct effects of fiber surface roughness in the tensile loading of yarns. However, the influence of roughness on the behavior of assemblies during drafting, in the early stages of processing, was reflected in the even ness and average tensile properties of the yarns. Smooth fibers in continuous-filament form were found to lead to higher frictional forces in yarn-to-yarn and yarn-to-metal tests.

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