Ridges and basins in the central Arctic Ocean

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Abstract
This chapter describes the physiography plus the geological and geophysical character of the central Arctic. The available information is chiefly from work done on several ice station transits of the area together with aeromagnetic and satellite magnetic investigations. The data provide crude constraints on the nature and ages of the main sea-floor features of the central Arctic Ocean. The central area of the Arctic Ocean contains abyssal depths that are traversed by two subparallel submarine mountain ranges, the Lomonosov Ridge and the Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge complex. The wedge-shaped Makarov Basin separates these adjacent ranges, which are close to North America and are more than 500 km apart at their junction with the East Siberian continental margin (Fig. 1). Significant difference in overall morphology and geophysical properties between the Lomonosov and Alpha Ridges, despite their juxtaposition near North America, suggests a complex structural evolution for the central Arctic, whose origins are constrained loosely within the late Early Cretaceous-earliest Tertiary interval.

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