The effect of haemorrhage on venous return and regional blood flow in the anaesthetized cat

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Abstract
In cats under pentobarbitone anesthesia, a venous long-circuit technique was used to measure the blood flows in the superior vena cava and the hepatic, renal and iliac segments of the inferior vena cava. The sum of these flows gave the venous return (minus coronary and bronchial flows). In these preparations, the mean venous return was 130 mlAg. Of this 28% came from the superior vena cava and 37% from the hepatic, 23% from the renal and 12% from the iliac segments of the inferior vena cava. After hemorrhage, the flows from all the venae cavae segments decreased. The quantitative changes varied with the particular cat, the degree and duration of the hemorrhage and whether the animal had been subjected to a previous hemorrhage. The proportion of the reduced venous return draining from the superior vena cava and the hepatic segment increased, that draining from the renal and iliac segments decreased. Vasoconstriction occurred in all vascular beds, but was greatest in the kidney and hind limbs. Thus the blood flow through the head and liver was partially maintained at the expense of that through the kidneys and hind limbs. Autoregulation of blood flow in the kidneys was usually seen immediately after the 1st removal of blood but with the onset of renal vasoconstriction it was reduced or abolished for the remainder of the experiment.