Emission of Negative Electricity from Nickel when Bombarded by Positive Lithium Ions

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Abstract
A nickel target was bombarded with positive lithium ions and observations were made of the number of negative charges emitted per positive ion striking the target. The energies of the bombarding ions were within the ranges 1000 to 2000 electron-volts and 5000 to 20,000 electron-volts, approximately. Observations were made with the target at room temperature and at a yellowish-red heat. There is a marked difference between the curves found for the two cases. For the cold target the curve has a maximum between 10,000 and 11,000 volts, while the number of negative charges emitted per positive ion from the hot target increases from 0.13 at 1000 volts to 2.35 at 20,000 volts, no maximum having been found.