Depressive Symptoms in Subjects With Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

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Abstract
Objective: To investigate if disturbed glucose homeostasis or known diagnosis of diabetes was associated with depressive symptoms. The reason for the increased prevalence of depression in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is unknown. Methods: Within the Utrecht Health Project, an ongoing longitudinal study among inhabitants of a residential area of a large city in The Netherlands, 4747 subjects (age: 39.4 ± 12.5 years) were classified into four mutually exclusive categories: normal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (diagnosed DM2 suggests that depressive symptoms might be a consequence of the burden of diabetes. The number of chronic diseases seems to explain part of the association between DM2 and depressive symptoms. DM2 = Type 2 diabetes mellitus; CI = confidence interval; DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth revision; FPG = fasting plasma glucose; OR = odds ratio; SCID = Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV; SCL-90 = Symptom Checklist; SD = standard deviation; SPSS = Statistical Package for the Social Sciences; UHP = Utrecht Health Project.