Abstract
In the USA, union membership is an almost universal aspect of teachers' occupational identity and union presence is a pervasive feature of school organization, but little attention has been paid to the role unions play in teachers' professional lives. This paper describes how teachers' evaluation of unions is constructed by historical, organizational and social features of teachers' work and, as such, varies markedly across schools and districts. Presenting the contrasting views of teachers in two comprehensive California high schools, it considers the consequences of this evaluation on the changes in strategy many local unions are currently attempting.

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