Eine Wundinfiltration mit Bupivacain bei Pelviskopien hat keinen Einflu auf die postoperative Schmerzintensit t
- 1 August 1994
- journal article
- clinical trial
- Published by Springer Nature in Der Anaesthesist
- Vol. 43 (8) , 547-552
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s001010050091
Abstract
In einer doppelblind-randomisierten Studie wurde die Bauchwand bei jeweils 30 Patientinnen an den Trokar-Einstichstellen bei einer Pelviskopie entweder mit Bupivacain 0,5% oder einem Plazebo (NaCl 0,9%) infiltriert. Die Schmerztherapie erfolgte mittels PCA (Tramadol). Nach beiden Verfahren war die postoperative Schmerzintensität in den ersten 8 Stunden und am Ende des Operationstages vergleichbar. In beiden Gruppen waren die Wundschmerzen im Bereich der Einstichstellen im Vergleich zu den viszeralen Schmerzen geringer. Auch hinsichtlich der Zahl der geforderten und applizierten Analgetika-Boli sowie der kumulativen Tramadoldosis über 8 und 24 Stunden ergab sich kein Vorteil für die Infiltration mit Bupivacain. Eine routinemäßige intraoperative Infiltration mit Bupivacain führt somit weder zu einer besseren Analgesie, noch vermindert sie den Opioidbedarf. Diese Untersuchung bestätigte erneut, daß die Mehrzahl der Patientinnen nach abdominellen endoskopischen Eingriffen in der frühen postoperativen Phase (78%) einer Opioidmedikation bedarf, wobei sich die PCA angesichts der großen interindividuellen Variabilität als besonders geeignetes Verfahren erwies. The analgetic efficacy of intraoperative infiltration with bupivacaine 0.5% or saline of the skin incisions for the endoscopic trocars was examined in 30 female patients following operative endoscopic pelviscopy in a double-blind study. Infiltration of the peritoneum, abdominal wall, and subcutaneously was performed by endoscopic view before skin suture. There were no significant differences between the two groups in age, duration of surgery, operative technique, intensity of preoperative acute and chronic pain, or state of anxiety. Postoperative pain assessment was performed using a numeric rating scale (NRS) hourly within the first 8 h and after 24 h postoperatively. After 8 h patients were asked for the localisation and description of the worst pain. Cumulative tramadol doses were calculated for 3, 8 and 24 h using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Pain intensity within the first 8 h postoperatively did not differ between the bupivacaine and placebo groups (Fig. 1). The mean NRS after bupivacaine infiltration was 4.6 (±2.4) in the 1st – 3rd h and 3.4 (±1.8) after 6 – 8 h (placebo: 4.8 (±2) and 2.4 (±1.7)). In both groups most patients reported lower (40%) or upper (12%) abdominal visceral pain as their worst pain. Pain due to skin incision was noted less, but in equal numbers in both groups. Of the patients in the bupivacaine group 77% and in the control group 80% started with PCA due to increasing pain scores within 60 to 120 min. The numbers of tramadol demands and given doses did not differ (Fig. 2). Therefore, intraoperative infiltration of the abdominal wall and skin with bupivacaine cannot be recommended for postoperative pain therapy after pelviscopy. Pain involving visceral afferents seems to play the major role following abdominal endoscopic surgery. In addition, the study supports recent reports showing that even after minimal invasive surgery most patients need opioids in the early postoperative period.Keywords
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