Spectroscopic examination of clean glass surfaces at elevated temperatures

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Abstract
Glass melt surfaces have been analyzed at elevated temperatures i n s i t u with ion scatteringspectroscopy (ISS). The surface composition of alkali trisilicate glasses is found to be dependent upon the relative fluxes of alkali ions out of the surface due to evaporation and to the surface due to bulk diffusion. At temperatures within and below the glass transition range T g , the surface composition is very sensitive to time and temperature. However, at temperatures greater than T g , the bulk diffusion flux replenishes the alkali surface sites rapidly. Thus, the surface composition of the liquid surface is relatively insensitive to time and temperature.

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