Use of Carbon-13 Labelled Dioxins Mixture for Analysis of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins in Environmental Samples by GC-MS

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Abstract
Positive identification and quantitation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) in complicated environmental samples is described using a C-13 labelled dioxin mixture as an internal reference standard. Environmental samples are spiked with the C-13 labelled dioxin mixture and monitored for labelled and unlabelled dioxins using GC-MS in the electron impact selected ion monitoring (EISIM) mode. The C-13 labelled dioxin mixture and a municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator fly ash extract show the same number of isomers in each tetra to octa-chlorodioxin congener groups. Quantitation of the C-13 labelled dioxin mixture was carried out using a reference standard mixture of unlabelled dioxins consisting of at least one isomer for each congener group. The C-13 labelled dioxin standard is highly useful for the determination of retention windows for tetra- to octa-chlorodioxins, identification of dioxins in each congener group, and calculation of the recovery of dioxins in samples that require extensive sample clean-up prior to GC-MS analysis. Its application for retention time window determination and as an internal reference standard for quantitation of dioxins in MSW incinerator fly ash extract and identification of dioxins in a complex sample from a PCB fire is demonstrated.