Abstract
Recent borings have revealed an important volcanic episode in Limestone Coal Group times west of Culross and eight other episodes, most of them very localised outbreaks, in Upper Limestone Group times in other parts of West Fife. Additional small-scale centres of Upper Limestone Group volcanicity may be buried beneath younger rocks. The volcanic rocks are mainly derived from comminuted sedimentary rocks: some contain thin basaltic intrusions. One lava flow is recognised. The mechanism of tuff formation is discussed with reference to necks in East Fife. Some assessment of the importance of the volcanicity to the coal mining industry is made.

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