Effect of Soil Temperature on Mineral Element Composition and Morphology of the Potato Plant1

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Abstract
The influences of two soil temperatures, 5 and 29 C, were studied on potato (Solanum tuberosum) plant growth, tuber yield, and potato plant morphology. The low soil temperature enhanced tuber initiation. Analysis of several minerals showed that the Mn ratio of tops to roots was 0.42 at 5 C and 2.84 at 29 C. At 5 C proliferation and xylem development of roots was restricted, whereas at 29 C the xylem was highly developed. Starch grains were present in the phloem at 5 C but absent at 29 C. This fact suggests that there is a relationship between the assimilate balance and tuber initiation.

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