Abstract
Peptide bond synthesis was studied with native polyribosomes of E. coli. With the use of this system for transpeptidation, it was possible to show that a single K+ activates the ribosome monomers of polyribosomes; that protonation of a single group (probably imidazole or an N-terminal amino group) with a pKa equal to about 7.2 inactivates the transpeptidase complex; that Mn++ can substitute for Mg++, but that Ca++, spermidine, and putrescine do so only very poorly; and that the Km for puromycin in this system is about 2.4 × 10-6 M.

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