Insulin resistance: the fundamental trigger of type 2 diabetes
- 8 May 1999
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Vol. 1 (s1) , 1-7
- https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-1326.1999.0010s1001.x
Abstract
Summary: Summary. Type 2 diabetes is a heterogeneous condition that is not attributable to a single pathophysiological mechanism. In general, both insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion are required for the disease to become manifest. Thus, as long as the pancreatic β cells can compensate for the degree of insulin resistance, glucose tolerance remains normal. Clustering of type 2 diabetes in certain families and ethnic populations points to a strong genetic background for the disease. However, environmental factors such as obesity and a sedentary lifestyle are usually required to unmask the genes.Keywords
This publication has 19 references indexed in Scilit:
- A paired sibling analysis of the beta-3 adrenergic receptor and obesity in Mexican Americans.Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1998
- Relationship of Anterior and Posterior Subcutaneous Abdominal Fat to Insulin Sensitivity in Nondiabetic MenObesity Research, 1997
- A genome–wide search for human non–insulin–dependent (type 2) diabetes genes reveals a major susceptibility locus on chromosome 2Nature Genetics, 1996
- Association of a Polymorphism in the β3-Adrenergic–Receptor Gene with Features of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome in FinnsNew England Journal of Medicine, 1995
- Relationships of generalized and regional adiposity to insulin sensitivity in men.Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1995
- Metabolic and genetic characterization of prediabetic states. Sequence of events leading to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1994
- Insulin Resistance and Insulin Secretory Dysfunction as Precursors of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: Prospective Studies of Pima IndiansNew England Journal of Medicine, 1993
- Quantitation of Muscle Glycogen Synthesis in Normal Subjects and Subjects with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes by13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyNew England Journal of Medicine, 1990
- Early Metabolic Defects in Persons at Increased Risk for Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes MellitusNew England Journal of Medicine, 1989
- Obesity Genes: Beneficial Effects in Heterozygous MiceScience, 1979