The relaxation of exchange coupled triads in ruby

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Abstract
Calculations of the relaxation time of various exchange-coupled clusters of three Cr3+ ions are described. Relaxation occurs by modulation of the isotropic exchange parameter. Nearest-neighbour triads forming an equilateral triangle are shown to be fast relaxing only when the antisymmetric exchange term is included in the spin Hamiltonian describing the triad. For cross relaxation to a single Cr3+ ion to be effective, small distortions in the triangle are found to be necessary. More distant triads are found to be effective fast relaxers even without either the antisymmetric exchange term or distortions in the triangle. The results obtained can account for the concentration dependence of T1 observed in many ruby samples.

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