Specific Electric Resistance of Body Tissues

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Abstract
The four-electrode method as used by Burger and van Milaan has several advantages over the Schwan method. It can be applied on human extremities without any perforation of the skin, no complicated corrections have to be made, and polarization can be neglected, as was demonstrated experimentally. Anisotropy of tissue has been investigated as is shown in the measurements on the single, living muscle of rabbits and on human upper legs. However, in the interpretation of these measurements it should be borne in mind that in the human upper leg the muscle fibers are not parallel to the axis of the leg. It should also be realized that the measured resistance in the transverse direction is indeed somewhat dependent on the direction of the current lines. This is a consequence of the anisotropy.

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