Hypoxic Lap Swimming — A Cause of Near-Drowning

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Abstract
To the Editor: Swimming has become an increasingly popular sport among young people in the United States. Many children, ranging from those in elementary school through college students, are involved in competitive swimming programs, which emphasize the development of endurance as well as stroke mechanics. "Hypoxic" training, in which swimmers are coached to hold their breath for a number of laps, is commonly used to build tolerance to the oxygen debt that develops during races. Our experience suggests that hypoxic training may have life-threatening ramifications.We recently cared for a 19-year-old male student, an enthusiastic member of the university swim . . .

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