Paenibacillus pasadenensis sp. nov. and Paenibacillus barengoltzii sp. nov., isolated from a spacecraft assembly facility

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Abstract
Two novel spore-forming, Gram-positive, mesophilic, heterotrophic bacteria representing two novel species were isolated from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Spacecraft Assembly Facility (JPL-SAF) at Pasadena, CA, USA. The incidence of similar strains was examined by screening the growing collection of isolates (~400 strains) obtained from the JPL-SAF using species-specific PCR primer sets designed from the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains SAFN-016Tand SAFN-007T. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences placed these novel isolates within the genusPaenibacillus. Two strains, SAFN-016Tand SAFN-125, shared 98 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity withPaenibacillus timonensisand 97 % similarity withPaenibacillus macerans. Strain SAFN-007Tshowed 95.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity withPaenibacillus kobensis, its nearest phylogenetic neighbour. The results of DNA–DNA hybridization, physiological tests and biochemical analysis allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of the isolates from currently recognizedPaenibacillusspecies. Strain SAFN-007Tand strains SAFN-016Tand SAFN-125 are representatives of two separate novel species, for which the namesPaenibacillus pasadenensissp. nov. (type strain SAFN-007T=ATCC BAA-1211T=NBRC 101214T) andPaenibacillus barengoltziisp. nov. (type strain SAFN-016T=ATCC BAA-1209T=NBRC 101215T) are proposed.

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