Drawing of nylon 6 fibers (bristles)

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Abstract
By means of electron microscopy of surface replicas and both small‐angle and wide‐angle x‐ray scattering, nylon 6 fibers were investigated in the as‐spun state, after drawing at 180°C to a draw ratio up to 4.95, and after subsequent annealing. As spun, the fiber exhibits a small fraction of row‐nucleated cylindrites and a great many spherulites (with an average diameter of a few microns) side by side. Drawing deforms the spherulites into spindle‐shaped structures (λ = 2) and subsequently produces well‐aligned microfibrils. Small‐angle x‐ray scattering yields a two‐point diagram at small λ and a fourpoint diagram at high λ. The long period seems to decrease slightly with draw ratio. Annealing at temperatures above the temperature of drawing increases the long period to a greater extent with samples of lower λ. The crystal lattice orientation is nearly complete at λ = 4.95.