HYDROLIQUEFACTION OF TEXAS LIGNITE IN COAL- AND PETROLEUM-DERIVED SLURRY OILS

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Abstract
Hydroliquefaction of Texas lignite (68.5%. C daf) was conducted in a batch autoclave under hydrogen in a coal–derived slurry oil at 90 bar initial pressure for temperatures of 380–460° C and residence time of 15–60 minutes, or a vacuum distillate from petroleum at 435° C for 60 minutes and initial H2–pressure of 60–150 bar, or a vacuum residue from the same petroleum at 435 and 460° C for 60 minutes and initial H2–pressure of 90–150 bar or tetralin at 435°C, 60 minutes and 90 bar initial H2–pressure. Red mud plus sodium sulfide were added as a catalyst for all experiments. Lignite conversion ranged from 50 to 83%. The products were separated into gases, residue, asphaltenes, oils B,P. above 200° C, oils B.P. below 200° C. Total liquid products from coal reached 57% in coal-derived slurry-oil, 56% in vacuum distillate and 64% in vacuum residue at optimum conditions with 32% of product oil B.P. below 200° C in vacuum distillate and 24% in vacuum residue. When coprocessing lignite with vacuum residue at 120 bar initial pressure, 435°C and 60 minutes residence time the total mass balance presented an oil yield of 73%. with 32% boiling below 200°C.