Food Selection by Female Spruce Grouse during Incubation

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Abstract
Female spruce grouse (Canachites canadensis) may be highly selective feeders during incubation. The feeding habits of radio-marked female spruce grouse were observed during incubation. The relationship between food resources, the location of feeding sites, and the territorial behavior of female spruce grouse were noted. Females do defend feeding sites. Territoriality in spring may be a means of avoiding competition for a limited food resource (at a time when feeding periods are restricted and nutritional requirements specific) and of ensuring a female spruce grouse with adequate food reserves for the completion of incubation.

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