The Nearctic Doryctinae. I. A Review of the Subfamily with a Taxonomic Revision of the Tribe Hecabolini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)1

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Abstract
The genera formerly placed in the subfamilies Spathiinae and Stephaniscinae are transferred to the Doryctinae, which is redefined to include all cyclostomate braconids with a margined occiput and a row or cluster of stout spines on the foretibia. Morphology is discussed in detail, with illustrations, as are important characters used in identifying genera and species. The 22 genera known from the Nearctic Region are keyed; 5 of these are placed in the tribe Hecabolini, 17 in the Doryctini. Each genus is briefly diagnosed, its relationships are discussed, its distribution stated, and its wing venation and male genitalia illustrated. Each hecaboline species is described, and notes are given on its distribution and hosts so far as these are known. Separate keys to males and females of the 24 Nearctic species of Ecphylus are presented, and one to the species of Pambolidea. New taxa in the Hecabolini are: APTENOBRACON, type A. formicoides; Aivalykus nearcticus (the first American species of a genus previously known from India, Borneo, and the Philippines); Pambolidea barberi; and 8 new species of Ecphylus (chramesi, flavus, kansensis, leechi, leptosulcus optilus, pacificus, unifasciatus); in the Doryctini, PTESIMOGASTER, type P. parkeri. New synonymy: Ecphylus Foerster (=Paraecphylus Ashmead); E. hypothenemi Ashmead (=Paraecphylus websteri Ashmead). Acrisis Foerster is removed from the Doryctinae and tentatively assigned to the subfamily Rogadinae. Work that has been done on the biology of Ecphylus is reviewed, and known host records for its species are tabulated; all of them are parasites of coleopterous larvae.

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