High-index proton-exchanged waveguides in Z-cut LiNbO3 with undegraded nonlinear optical coefficients
- 21 April 1997
- journal article
- research article
- Published by AIP Publishing in Applied Physics Letters
- Vol. 70 (16) , 2076-2078
- https://doi.org/10.1063/1.118216
Abstract
A method is described for producing high quality optical waveguides on Z-cut LiNbO3 substrates by proton exchange in pure benzoic acid vapor. Either α- or β-phase guides are obtained by varying the exchange temperature (within the 250–375 °C range) and/or the treatment duration (between 15 min and 24 h). The method presents definitive advantages with regards to common immersion methods. For both α- and β-phase guides the d33 nonlinear optical coefficient is 90% of the substrate value, and their optical losses are below 0.35 dB/cm. This is the first report on β-phase guides with almost undegraded nonlinear optical coefficients.Keywords
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