Heterogeneous nucleation of nanometre-sized Bi particles embedded in a Zn matrix

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Abstract
It is argued that the nanometric dispersion of Bi in a Zn matrix is an ideal model system for heterogeneous nucleation experiments. The classical theory of heterogeneous nucleation with a hemispherical cap model is applied to analyse the nucleation data. It is shown that, unlike the results of earlier experiments, the derived site density for catalytic nucleation and contact angle are realistic and strongly suggest the validity of the classical theory. The surface energy between the 0001 plane of Zn and the 10[lbar]2 plane of Bi, which constitute the epitaxial nucleation interface, is estimated to be 39 mJ m−2.