Simultaneous Determination of Sodium, Potassium, and Ammonium Ions by Automated Direct Potentiometry

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Abstract
Sodium, potassium and ammonium ions, in concentration ranges of natural and waste water samples, have been simultaneously determined by direct potentiometry, using sodium, potassium, and ammonia ion-sensitive electrodes. The results are printed out as concentration units directly from an automated continuous -flow system with on-line minicomputer and printer. The optimum sampling rate is 20 samples or 60 determinations per hour. Various water samples have been analyzed and the results compared to those obtained by the standard methods. The lower detection limits were 0.1 ppm for Na+ and NH4 + and 1.0 ppm for K+. The values of standard deviation were < 10%, with the exception of the lowest concentrations. The relative error was in the range of ± 2%. The correlation of standard and proposed methods was very good.