Non-linear constitutive relations for piezoceramic materials

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Abstract
Piezoelectric materials produce electric charges when mechanically deformed and an electric potential causes a mechanical deformation. This property makes them suitable for sensor and transducer applications. Understanding of the electroelastic constitutive behavior is critical for predicting the response of a structure with embedded piezoelectric material. A concise formulation of relevant non-linear constitutive relations is presented in this paper.