Collision Broadening of Rotational Absorption Lines. I. Theoretical Formulation

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Abstract
An impact theory approach to the pressure broadening of microwave absorption lines is presented. A time‐development matrix is evaluated to yield expressions which are averaged over all internal quantum states of the colliding molecule and the velocity distribution function to give half‐width and frequency‐shift parameters. The half‐width parameter is then evaluated for dipole—dipole, dipole—quadrupole, quadrupole—quadrupole, and dispersion interactions. The dependence of the linewidths on the multipole moments, temperature, and the rotational state of the colliding molecule is discussed. The results are compared with previous theoretical treatments.

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