Facing the Epidemic: Changes in the Sexual Lives of Gay and Bisexual Men in Australia and Their Implications for AIDS Prevention Strategies

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Abstract
A 1986-87 field survey of 535 gay and bisexual men in Australia examined changes in social relationships and in sexual conduct in response to the HIV epidemic. Results show the framework of sexual relationships changing little, though many men have moved between types of relationships. Reducing the incidence of sexual contact and being more selective about partners are common. Widespread change towards safe sex is reported; the repertoire is contracting. Variables describing large-scale social structure, immediate milieu, and the HIV/AIDS situation are differently linked to changes in relationships and changes in sexual conduct. Relationship change is linked with cultural strain about homosexuality. Adopting safe sex is strongest among groups closest to the epidemic and well supported in gay identity, but weak among men reporting themselves “monogamous.” Generally “targeting” strategies are not supported. Prevention work must deal with divergent responses to the epidemic, and focus on the use as well as the transmission of safe sex information.